MSTP配置示例

技术教程

4 配置举例

4.1 组网需求

如图所示，当前网络中SwitchA、SwitchB、SwitchC和SwitchD通过环形组网备份链路，同时对两个用户的流量进行负载分担。希望通过运行MSTP协议阻塞特定端口，将环形网络结构修剪成无环路的树形网络结构。

? 部门1和部门2的流量进行负载分担。

? SwitchA和SwitchB分别作为两个部门的根桥和备份根桥。

? SwitchC和SwitchD连接用户的接口GE1/0/3不要参与STP计算。

4.2 配置思路

采用如下的思路配置MSTP：

创建VLAN，并把接口加入VLAN。
配置模式是MSTP模式。
配置域名为RG1，并配置域内VLAN和实例的映射关系。
配置SwitchA和SwitchB分别作为两个部门的根桥和备份根桥。
统一使用默认路径开销。华为交换机默认的路径开销计算标准使用的是标准的dot1t。GE接口默认路径开销是20000，而Ethernet接口默认路径开销是200000。注意：eNSP模拟器中，STP的路径开销默认是1。
SwitchC和SwitchD的GE1/0/3端口去使能STP协议。
SwitchA、SwitchB、SwitchC和SwitchD使能STP协议。

4.3 操作步骤

步骤1：创建VLAN，并把接口加入VLAN。

<HUAWEI> system-view

[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchA

[SwitchA] vlan batch 2 to 4094

[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet0/0/1

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[SwitchA] interface gigabitethernet0/0/2

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[SwitchA-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit

<HUAWEI> system-view

[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchB

[SwitchB] vlan batch 2 to 4094

[SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet0/0/1

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[SwitchB] interface gigabitethernet0/0/2

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[SwitchB-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit

<HUAWEI> system-view

[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchC

[SwitchC] vlan batch 2 to 4094

[SwitchC] interface gigabitethernet0/0/1

[SwitchC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk

[SwitchC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[SwitchC-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[SwitchC] interface gigabitethernet0/0/2

[SwitchC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk

[SwitchC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[SwitchC-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit

<HUAWEI> system-view

[HUAWEI] sysname SwitchD

[SwitchD] vlan batch 2 to 4094

[SwitchD] interface gigabitethernet0/0/1

[SwitchD-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port link-type trunk

[SwitchD-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[SwitchD-GigabitEthernet0/0/1] quit

[SwitchD] interface gigabitethernet0/0/2

[SwitchD-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port link-type trunk

[SwitchD-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

[SwitchD-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] quit

步骤2：配置模式为MSTP模式。

华为交换机默认是MSTP模式，该步骤可以省略。

[SwitchA] stp mode mstp

[SwitchB] stp mode mstp

[SwitchC] stp mode mstp

[SwitchD] stp mode mstp

步骤3：配置域名为RG1，并配置域内VLAN和实例的映射关系。

注意4台设备的域配置需要完全一致，才可以正确破环。

[SwitchA] stp region-configuration

[SwitchA-mst-region] region-name RG1 //配置域名为RG1

[SwitchA-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 to 200 //默认所有VLAN都属于实例0，这里把VLAN1~200映射为实例1，其他VLAN201~4094还是属于实例0

[SwitchA-mst-region] active region-configuration //域内的配置，需要激活才能生效

[SwitchA-mst-region] quit

[SwitchB] stp region-configuration

[SwitchB-mst-region] region-name RG1

[SwitchB-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 to 200

[SwitchB-mst-region] active region-configuration

[SwitchB-mst-region] quit

[SwitchC] stp region-configuration

[SwitchC-mst-region] region-name RG1

[SwitchC-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 to 200

[SwitchC-mst-region] active region-configuration

[SwitchC-mst-region] quit

[SwitchD] stp region-configuration

[SwitchD-mst-region] region-name RG1

[SwitchD-mst-region] instance 1 vlan 1 to 200

[SwitchD-mst-region] active region-configuration

[SwitchD-mst-region] quit

步骤4：配置根桥和备份根桥。

配置在实例0中SwitchA为根桥，SwitchB为备份根桥。在实例1中SwitchA为备份根桥，SwitchB为根桥。

[SwitchA] stp instance 0 root primary //也可以使用命令stp priority 0 配置优先级为0，和stp root primary的作用是一样的。

[SwitchA] stp instance 1 root secondary //也可以使用命令stp priority 4096 配置优先级为4096，和stp root secondary的作用是一样的。

[SwitchB] stp instance 0 root secondary

[SwitchB] stp instance 1 root primary

步骤5：去使能SwitchB和SwitchC设备GE0/0/3端口的STP功能。

[SwitchC] interface gigabitethernet0/0/3

[SwitchC-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] stp disable

[SwitchC-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit

[SwitchD] interface gigabitethernet 0/0/3

[SwitchD-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] stp disable

[SwitchD-GigabitEthernet0/0/3] quit

步骤6：全局使能STP功能。

华为X7系列交换机默认是使能，该步骤可以省略。

[SwitchA] stp enable

[SwitchB] stp enable

[SwitchC] stp enable

[SwitchD] stp enable

步骤7：验证配置结果

查看MSTP简要信息，通过MSTP简要信息可以快速的看出端口的角色和状态。

4.4 配置文件

SwitchA的配置文件

#

sysname SwitchA

#

vlan batch 2 to 4094

#

stp instance 0 root primary

stp instance 1 root secondary

stp enable

#

stp region-configuration

 region-name RG1

 instance 1 vlan 1 to 200

 active region-configuration

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

port link-type trunk

 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

# 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

port link-type trunk

 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

# 

return

SwitchB的配置文件

#

sysname SwitchB

#

vlan batch 2 to 4094

#

stp instance 0 root secondary

stp instance 1 root primary

stp enable

# 

stp region-configuration

 region-name RG1

 instance 1 vlan 1 to 200

 active region-configuration

#

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

port link-type trunk

 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

# 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

port link-type trunk

 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

# 

return

SwitchC的配置文件

#

sysname SwitchC 

# 

vlan batch 2 to 4094

#

stp enable

#

stp region-configuration

 region-name RG1

 instance 1 vlan 1 to 200

 active region-configuration

# 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

port link-type trunk

 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

# 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

port link-type trunk

 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

# 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3

 stp disable

# 

return

SwitchD的配置文件

#

sysname SwitchD

#

vlan batch 2 to 4094

#

stp mode stp

# 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1

port link-type trunk

 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

# 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2

port link-type trunk

 port trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094

# 

interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3

 stp disable

# 

return

https://www.zjpc.cc/images/1519615890999465.png

MSTP

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